Swot Analysis - 1127 Words

Allergen SWOT Analysis Name Institution Allergen SWOT Analysis Founded in 1950, Allergen is among the most powerful and effective pharmaceutical companies in United States of America. It is a multi-specialty corporation that has been developing, commercializing and discovering the groundbreaking pharmaceuticals, medical devices etc. The company is best known for its products for neurological disorders, breast cure, obesity control, skin problems, ophthalmological disorders and many more specialty marketplace. Data clearly states that over the sale (OTC) as well as sales of medicament of the pharmaceutical business is worth $650 billion annually. In this oversize pharmaceutical revenue, Allergen has been among the most effective†¦show more content†¦The most reasonable weakness connected with high reliance on Botox sales is the threat of concentration. In any business Concentration risk increases with this high dependency on single product. Other weakness is the entrenchment in little growing therapy parts like CNS and CV. This fortification can be very dangerous in the long run. The company has got this internal weakness. Along with that, the company has very inadequate infiltration of biologics arcade. The most obvious weakness of Allergen is the cessation of any type of product at its advanced phases of development. Critics have pointed out this internal weakness for years. The company discontinues any further progress on a product when the product is in its final stages. Majority of company’s revenue comes from United States. Company should consider this weakness. The market is too rich outside the United States. Allergen is not working effectively in developing markets like china, India, Turkey etc. They are developing economies and the company should consider new emerging markets. Most commonly known as Mamp;A action, the currents in epic promotions from 1999 to 2004 have revealed much weaknesses of the business. In addition to this, the co-marketing settlements can restrict Pfizer’s international existence. This weakness can cause much damage in future. Opportunities The opportunities for pharmaceutical companies have been there. New marketplacesShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Of Swot And Swot Analysis738 Words   |  3 Pagesknown as SWOT analysis. The SWOT analysis is business analysis method that business can use for each of its department when deciding on the most perfect way to increase their business and future growth. This procedure identifies the internal and external strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that are in the markets. SWOT analysis helps you decide your position against your competitors, identifies best future opportunities, and highlight current and future threats. SWOT analysis is an acronymRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Swot Analysis : Swot1223 Words   |  5 PagesOnStar – SWOT Analysis To help OnStar determine if home monitoring services should be added to its list of products and services, a SWOT analysis should be completed. A SWOT analysis is a situation analysis or tool used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization (SWOT Analysis Definition | Investopedia, 2005). Thus, it is a basic straightforward model that determines what an organization, like OnStar, can and cannot do, as well as determines its opportunitiesRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Swot Analysis : Swot911 Words   |  4 Pages SWOT Analysis In the article â€Å"SWOT analysis† Harmon (2015) offered a definition for SWOT analysis, the purpose of the SWOT analysis, the advantages of performing a SWOT analysis, and outlined and discussed the four components of the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is a planning and brainstorming tool that helps people evaluate an idea or project for a business or formulate a business plan (Harmon, 2015). It should be noted that SWOT analysis is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, OpportunitiesRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1081 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis (SWOT matrix) first used by Stanford Research Institute during 1960-1970 and it was presented by Mr. Albert S. Humphrey a American business and management consultant by using data from fortune 500 companies. We can succeed in our life if we use our talents to our full extent. Similarly, we‘ll have some problems if we know our weakness are, and if we manage these weaknesses so that we don’t matter in the work we do. To understand more about our self and our externalRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot1708 Words   |  7 Pages A SWOT analysis is â€Å"a structured planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in a business venture.†(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT analysis, 03/11/14). A swot analysis can also be used to examine a person’s attributes. The strengths and weaknesses usually are internal factors whereas threats and opportunities are mainly external. Advantage Disadvantage Internal Strengths 1. Self-motivated 2. I am organised; accurate and pay attentionRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot2320 Words   |  10 PagesSWOT analysis focuses on the internal factors which are the company’s strengths and weaknesses as well as the external factors which are the opportunities and threats which are gained from situational analysis, which focuses on summarizing all the pertinent information acquired about the key three environments of internal, customer, and external (Ferrell Hartline, 2014, p. 39). A SWOT analysis further gives a company precise advantages and disadvantages in satisfying the needs of its selectedRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot852 Words   |  4 PagesStrength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, commonly known as a SWOT analysis is used by businesses. Organizations use the SWOT analysis technique to figure out and understand their areas of strong suits (strengths), their inevitable flaws (weaknesses), prospects that the organization could look into (opportunities) a nd things that pose as intimidations to the organization (threats). There are many obstacles to overcome when it comes to international expansion. Obstacles such as; language andRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1957 Words   |  8 PagesSWOT analysis focuses on the internal factors which are the company’s strengths and weaknesses as well as the external factors which are the opportunities and threats which are gained from situational analysis which focuses on summarizing all the pertinent information acquired about the key three environments of internal, customer, and external (Ferrell Hartline, 2014, p. 39). A SWOT analysis further gives a company precise advantages and disadvantages in satisfying the needs of its selected marketsRead MoreSwot Analysis : The Swot1215 Words   |  5 PagesThe SWOT analysis was originally introduced by Andrews Christiansen, Guth and Learned in 1969 and its basic organizing principles have remained largely unchanged in the field of str ategic management. [BADEN-FULLER, C. H. A. R. L. E. S., STOPFORD, J. (2002). The Firm Matters More than the Industry. Strategy for Business: A Reader, 123.] It is a systematic framework which helps managers to develop their business strategies by appraising their internal and external determinants of their organization’sRead MoreSwot Analysis : The Swot1888 Words   |  8 PagesThe SWOT analysis, a strategic planning tool was developed by Albert Humphrey in the 1960’s and 1970’s. Albert is said to have come up with this strategic planning tool through the use of data the Fortune 500 companies in the United States of America at that time (Lancaster Massingham, 2011). A SWOT analysis determines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, which are a relevant part of any organization especially the ones that get involved in new ventures. This tool assists the users

The Importance Of Applying A Heritage Assessment Tool

In the Unites States of America there are currently 42.4 million immigrants making a permanent residence (Migration Policy Institute | migrationpolicy.org, 2016). It is extremely important to become a culturally competent nurse to provide the best care and build solid relationships with all cultural backgrounds. In preparation for this paper I interviewed three people from different cultural backgrounds including Albania, New Zealand, and one like myself, who is Spaniard. I will discuss the usefulness of applying a heritage assessment tool when evaluating the needs of the whole person, compare the differences and offer insight in health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration among the cultures, and identify common health†¦show more content†¦As a child she attended a private school and lived in a rural area very close to family and extended family, allowing them to visit each other on a weekly basis. She grew up in a Christian household where she attended ch urch every week and explained to me that religion has since taken a back seat while dealing with being a fulltime working mother and attending school. She does however read her bible at home before going to bed. She mentioned that in her culture illness was thought to be from an imbalance and health was restored by practicing traditional rituals that focused on the ancient gods in her culture. She mentioned that the islander population of New Zealand is considered to have a high mortality rate because of cardiovascular diseases but they are improving outcomes with better health awareness. Enida, an Albanian who migrated to the United States at the age of 11, is currently married and has two children with a Latino-American. She lived with her parents and sister, all Albanian natives until she was married, which is a standard practice in her culture. She grew up in the capital city of Tirana with both parents, her sister, and her grandparents. Enida attended a public school but it wasn’t until she arrived in America that she learned English. She regularly returns home to visit her family and communicates with them on a daily basis in her native Albanian language. Back home in Albania they don’tShow MoreRelatedHeritage Assessment Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesHeritage Assessment Cheri Montoro Grand Canyon University NRS-429V Linda Gobin August 06, 2013 Heritage Assessment This paper will assess and discuss the usefulness of applying the Heritage Assessment tool to evaluate three different families each one from different cultural backgrounds consisting of Greek, Italian, and Hispanic ethnicities. This paper will also compare similarities and differences related to health maintenance, health protection and health restoration and the culturalRead MoreCultural Care, Cultural Competence1095 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferently depending upon the person and their heritage. As healthcare providers it is important to have a broad knowledge base in regards to different cultures and people’s practices to deliver effective health care. In 2006, the population of the United States surpassed 300 million. The largest and fastest growing populations are the Hispanics followed by blacks, then Asians. With the ever-growing diverse population, it stands to rationale the importance of learning cultural aspects of health andRead MoreBenchmark Assessment Heritage1 211 Words   |  5 PagesHeritage Assessment Kyler G. Merrill Grand Canyon University: NRS-429V 01/18/2015 Heritage Assessment Tool Today in society there are many diverse culture and ethnic backgrounds, each with their own habits, traditions, preferences, and of these includes health. Different needs of the whole person should be evaluated in detail. This paper will discuss results from three different cultures through the interviewing of them using the Heritage Assessment Tool. It will also reviewRead MoreImproving Student Learning And Achievement879 Words   |  4 Pageschanged their outlook on assessment and how they use assessment. Highly effective schools have also helped the students become more accountable for their learning. Making these two changes brought about a significant increase in student learning and achievement. Using comprehensive assessments have brought about positive changes in student learning through achieving assessment balance and quality and increasing teacher involvement in the assessment process. Focusing on assessment for the annual stateRead MoreHeritage Assessment Essay1068 Words   |  5 PagesHeritage Assessment Cultural heritage plays a big role in the economic, social and health promotion of the individual. The use of heritage assessment tools helps healthcare providers evaluate and look at someone’s heritage, as well as traditional health methods used to maintain health, protect health, and restore health; by applying these concepts it helps healthcare professionals deal with a person’s physical, mental, and spiritual beliefs. Different cultures have different values and beliefsRead MoreHeritage Assessment Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesHeritage Assessment Culture is a pattern of behavior and values shared by an ethnic group. Cultural heritage is a set of traditions within the culture that is hand down from the older generation to the younger generation within the family. These traditions influence the family’s decisions in relation to their diet, education, daily living activities, religious beliefs and practices and also health and illness beliefs. In this paper, the author will focus on the usefulness of applying a heritageRead MoreThe Value of a Heritage Assessment for Health Promotion of Families1686 Words   |  7 Pagesdeveloped a Heritage Assessment interview as a useful tool to aid in understanding how strongly an individual or family subscribes to specific cultural traditions and practices, thereby strengthening the ability to provide Cultural Care. Cultural Care is a concept describing professional nursing care that is culturally sensitive, appropriate, and competent (Spector, 2004). Utilizing this assessment tool creates a way of determining an individual’s degree of identification with a given heritage. TheRead MoreEssay on Heritage Assessment1418 Words   |  6 PagesHeritage Assessment: Applying The Heritage Assessment Jake Freeman GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY: NRS - 429V 10/31/2011 Applying the heritage assessment can be useful with integration into the health care system. First impressions go along with the proper approach. If you look at it this way first impressions are important in every culture. With the plethora of cultures out there and each family shaped by these values and beliefs a good approach is always an informed oneRead MoreCulture and Cultural Competency in Health Promotion1674 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation. Cultural competence entails obtaining cultural information and then applying that knowledge (Cultural Diversity in Nursing, 2012). Cultural competence requires the nurse to be sensitive to patient’s cultural needs and provide effective communication, both verbal and non-verbal. The purpose of this paper is to discuss culture and cultural competency in health promotion, focusing on using a heritage assessment tool and interviewing individuals from three different cultural backgrounds to compareRead MoreHeritage1432 Words   |   6 PagesHeritage Assessment: Linking Heritage to Health Tricia Wharton Grand Canyon University: 429V August 23rd 2015 Heritage Assessment: Assessing Culture and Health The care needs of patients continue to change, as the United States population becomes more diverse. Nurses will be required to be more knowledgeable and respectful of the differences in cultural and religious beliefs as this diversity continues. The American Nurses Association (ANA) states, â€Å"knowledge of cultural diversity is vital

Does Technology Make Us More Alone Essay Example For Students

Does Technology Make Us More Alone Essay Mary TidwellHerzing UniversityDoes technology make us more alone or does it keep us connected? That is the number one question of all times. Get connected is a phrase that we have grown accustomed to hearing and seeing in the 21st century. With technology developing faster than ever, the digital world is (literally) at our fingertips. Some might say that the introduction of social networking has helped to bring people closer together. I am going to point out some of these, though the online communities may have a likeness to real-life societies, they are in fact nothing but numb conceptions of our day to day lives fueled by self-pride and egoism. With our reliance on social media sites such as Facebook actually cutting us from real-life society, its a sad truth that mankind is looking at a very forlorn future. By definition, the term digital represents values of a physical quantity expressed as a series of digits: 0 and 1. So on the opposite end of the spectrum, humans are identified as having character, weaknesses, imperfections, and fragility attributes that characterize us as a species like no other on this planet. Dont get me wrong, I am a firm believer that words, speech and song can convey a range of human emotions but, in my opinion, doing so eloquently requires aptitude. In spite of this, you will see a number people popping up on social media sites documenting their lives and feelings as though they were a best friend or their private diary. Nowadays, were less likely to hear someone say: I cant wait to tell my friends, and more likely to hear: I cant wait to put this on Facebook. So why has Facebook suddenly become everyones best friend? The younger generation of today perceives Facebook as being a part of everyday life and has become addicted to consulting news feeds and notifications. In this day and age, technology seems to get in the way of flourishing friendships. The days are gone from the days when one could spend time chatting and getting to know a friend; all it takes is to have your friend request approved and then you can find out almost anything about that person (where they live, whether they are in a relationship, where they work, and what their favorite quote is, and so on.) Not only is it affecting the nature of human interaction, our heavy dependence on social media sites has also been proven to result in children and adults alike doing fewer outdoor activities as well as studying and working less. Peop le are feeling more connected online, but very alone in real life. Society is becoming obsessed and is sharing too much information on the internet and spending pointless hours on it when they should be spending time on more important things. Despite the fact that technology now allows a person to communicate with lots of people all over the world, in reality, no matter how many friends you have on social networks like Facebook, they still result in the same thing; a technological bubble which keeps you isolated from real human contact and real human interaction. These virtual friends cannot adequately satisfy your needs, wants and desires in the long-term. Technology has the potential to connect friends and family. Unfortunately, it can also cause us to miss out on opportunities and experiences that would make our lives richer and more meaningful. Addictive by nature, social media sites are impacting negatively on our societies. This can be seen every day on the news with increasing cases of cyber-bullying, harassment, theft and sexual crimes, meaning that our community is not as together as we like to think it is. It is a scary fact that numerous teens with Facebook accounts dont fully understand the implications of having a public profile thus making themselves vulnerable to danger. To them, each of their Facebook friends is someone to be trusted and perhaps have some fun chatting to; however, the frightening truth is that they could really be talking to anyone. With the number of hacking incidents also on the up, can we ever be confident that our friends are who they say they are? Its horrifying to see that so many people check in on Facebook too, freely announcing to a long list of acquaintances their whereabouts. In 2014 a question was asked, What has the Internet done for mankind? Patrick Donoghue, a lover of research, r esponded to the post, writing, The day is fast coming when the sum total of human knowledge will be available at the fingertips of the common person. He also says, In the past, I would have spent quite a bit of time in the university library. Today, I get better information in minutes versus hours. (P. Donoghue, Quora, 2014) People now ask sociable networks to tell and find them someone who they are compatible with instead of going out and finding someone. Young children and teens dont know what it is to interact and play with other children. People in general are simply getting sucked into the cyber world and not even realizing they are. .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .postImageUrl , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:hover , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:visited , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:active { border:0!important; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:active , .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3 .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udfccc897fd128c67abbf1dfd459d10f3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Civil Rights Movement in Education EssayModern life is making us lonelier, and recent research indicates that this may be the next biggest public health issue on par with obesity and substance abuse. A recent review of studies indicates that social isolation increases mortality risk by 26%. As social media reshapes how we connect, we have to rethink what we need to feel in fulfilling our relationships, and realize that no number of tweets, texts or Facebook status updates can provide it. While social networking is a great tool, theres a profound difference between an online social network and a real one. Yes, we are living in a technological world where families and friend sometime depend on these social networks to keep in touch with their family, but should we forget about the ones that are close to us. I would say no but we tend to lean more on social technology then we realize. Numerous users being generous with their personal information, they are also quite liberal with who they consider their friends. After all, it is a formal definition of a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection and not a person that one said hi to in the breakroom at work. We are all guilty of this, though. Not only that, we all feel bad turning down friend requests and removing friends from our contacts which is why the numbers are misleading and have a tendency to spiral out of control. A recent study showed that Facebook users are seen as more attractive as they near 300 friends, but that this magnetism weakens if they exceed this by too many. Id be willing to bet that most users only talk to around 10%of this total on a regular basis and could count no more than five (excluding family) as true close friends. Studies suggest that our newfound love for Facebook is due to the reward center in our brain triggering pleasurable feelings with each Like or positive comment we receive. But by putting some of our most intimate life events in the public domain, we are encouraging as much negativity as positivity, inviting others to pass comments and judge us. Whether premeditated or not, the decision to post a photo, status update or to share a link, could be a simple cry for attention. No longer satisfied with human relations, we are psychologically (and egoistically) building our own modified, digital representation of ourselves in a fantasy world. Yet, with social media references all around us, it is impossible to escape the grip that technology has on todays society. Our generation is overdosing on digital media. Members of the community are lacking from everything that makes them human weaknesses, imperfections, fragility all that we see are the manipulated, faultless versions of people online. I cant help but think that, in this new technologically advanced era, we are more alone than ever.Theres no doubt that technology can bring positives to our relationships. Just think about how many people today meet their partners online. But are these relationships as real as finding someone at a local supermarket and taking the time to explore each persons likes and dislikes. Than a match making system spitting them out for you on a screen. People are genetically designed to gain satisfaction from meaningful relationships with real people, and as a result, receive many benefits from doing so. Even from birth human contact is essential for normal growth and development. There is something about real human interaction that completes us, as without it, ou r body and life slowly starts to break down and becomes less sociable. So, to answer the question Does technology make us more alone or keep us more connected? In my opinion, Id have to say that it depends on how you use it. .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .postImageUrl , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:hover , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:visited , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:active { border:0!important; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:active , .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81153062f5378dcba437e83a12c50d6b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Huck Finn Morality EssayReferencesPatrick Donoghue (Qoura question and statement, 2014)HYPERLINK https://corpina.com/ https://corpina.com/HYPERLINK https://askpetersen.com/ https://askpetersen.com/https://www.hindawi.com/http://www.scrip.org/

Pride And Prejudice Impressions Essays - British Films,

Pride And Prejudice Impressions First impressions are very important. In the Victorian age, people based their whole opinion of someone on first impressions. Most times the first impression of someone is not the way they truly are. Sometimes a first impression can cause you to think negative of someone but later you find out that they are very nice and a very positive person. One example is when Mr. Darcy meets Elizabeth in the book ,Pride and Prejudice. Elizabeth thinks Mr.darcy is a cruel and arrogant person, but she later finds out that he is not. Also in, Pride and Prejudice when Elizabeth meets Mr. Wickham she gets the impression that he is very nice and gentlemen like, but she finds different with him too. In the story " The Importance of being Ernest" Lady Bracknell does not like Jack because he does not have any money and does not live up to her standards, but little does she know. In "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen, Elizabeth thinks Mr. Darcy is a very rude and self centered person based on what she saw the first time they met or actually the first time they saw each other. Elizabeth over heard Mr. Darcy talking to Mr. Bingley at a ball and didn't really like what she heard. "She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me." ( Austen 12) Mr. Darcy thinks he is much to good for some people and has very high expectations. at one point n Beck 2 the story Mr. Darcy starts to fall in love with Elizabeth. Elizabeth knows he has changed but relizes he is beginning to act like Mr. Bingley. " In vain have I struggled. It will not do. My feelings will not be repressed. You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you." (Austen 161) Elizabeth does not have the same feelings for him, and why should she he was very rude and arrogant towards her. "In such cases as this, it is , I believe, the established mode to express a sense of obligation for the sentiments avowed, however unequally they may be returned. It is natural that obligation should be felt , and if I could feel gratitude, I would now thank you. But I cannot- I have never desired your good opinion, and you have certainly bestowed it most unwillingly. I am sorry to have occasioned pain to anyone." (Austen 162) Later Elizabeth sees how she could have been a part of Mr. Darcy's mansion she could have been his mistress. While she is there she learns of the real Mr. Darcy, and the part of him she never knew. When Elizabeth meets Mr. Wickham in "Pride and Prejudice", she sees that he is a very nice and sweet person. But little did she know! At first Elizabeth is interested in him, and she thinks he is interested in her too and would like to keep seeing him. Mr. Darcy explains to Elizabeth about what jerk he is and how self centered he is. Elizabeth is still kind of interested in him, after all her first impression of him was a very positive one. She starts to compare between Mr. Darcy and MR. Wickham because she still thinks Mr. Wickham is interested in her. " One has got all the goodness and the other all the appearance of it." (Austen 190) Elizabeth finds out what a jerk Mr. Wickham is when he does not show up at the ball. Then ends Beck 3 up running off with Lydia, Elizabeth feels that she could have stopped it from happening. When Lady Bracknell first meets Jack in the story " The Importance of being Earnest she thinks he's a failure and has no parents. Lady Bracknell refuses to the marriage. She thinks that Jack is very poor and knows that he was found in a hand bag at the cloak room at the Victorian Railroad station.. " I confess I fell somewhat bewildered by what you just told me. To be born or at any rate bred in a handbag, weather it had handles on it or not, seems to me to display a contempt for the ordinary decencies of family life that reminds one of the worst excesses of the French Revolution. As for the particular locality in which the handbag was found, a cloak room at a railway station might serve to conceal a social indiscretion." Lady Bracknell is a very greedy person, later in

Should We Allow Gay Marriages as Civil Unions

Consumerism in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep essays

Consumerism in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep essays In the novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep, Philip K. Dick explores the recurring idea of entropy-a concept which describes everything as moving towards disorder and energy as being perpetually lost and wasted. This idea of constant disorder in emotional, societal, and metaphysical aspects permeates throughout the story. It is represented by consumerist characters who readily purchase commodities as well as by kipple, which serves as a symbol for wasted goods. Throughout his novel, Dick notes how entropy is a continuous, and unstoppable procedure and suggests that humans consumerism is a futile attempt to fight it. Dick employs the mood organ to suggest that attempts at reducing disorder through artificial means leads to further chaos and bedlam. Dick introduces the protagonist of the story, Rick Deckard, and his wife, Iran, and through the dialogue, he immediately portrays their relationship as unconventional and broken. Iran constantly berates Rick, calling him a murderer with crude cops hand[s] and Rick, in response feels irritable which grows to outright hostility towards his own wife (Dick 4). To combat these negative feelings, they use a technological development called a mood organ; a device which can control a users mood. Instead of finding genuine hope and happiness in this decaying world, they resort to artificial and consumerist products that reduce complex emotions to simple three digit numbers. Rick can just dial in numbers for creative and fresh attitude toward his job, awareness of the manifold possibilities, or ecstatic sexual bliss (6-7). However, the mood organ can also be u sed for negative emotions and when arguing with Iran, he considers dialing for a thalamic suppressant (which would abolish his mood of rage) or a thalamic stimulant (which would make him irked enough to win the argument) (4). T...

INTERNATIONAL HRM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

INTERNATIONAL HRM - Assignment Example As a result, the concept has evolved to be wider and more complex to be defined within limited words. It has also expanded its dimensions by covering cultural, political, technological and economical divergences in order to determine appropriate set of objectives and strategies in order to attain them. Therefore, HRM practices differ from one nation and geographical region to another. With this belief, the discussion of the paper will emphasise on identifying various dimensions of International HRM in the context of the US. The objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of political, economical, social and technological factors existing on the HRM practices in the US. Moreover, the paper will critically evaluate and analyse two key areas of HRM in modern day phenomenon, i.e. training & development and performance appraisal applied by a US based multinational company, i.e. Walmart. 2.0. International HRM In recent years, the world has witnessed steep rise in international activi ties which forced the managerial dimension to cross the regional boundaries and enter the international market. For instance, evidences reveal that since the early 20th century, international trade and production operations have increased substantially. This forced national companies to expand their business in the global platform recognising them as Multinational Companies (MNCs). Consequently, there are also few challenges which are faced by MNCs while implementing their HRM practices in the international platform. However, managing dichotomous cultures and economic factors with efficiency is termed to be the most challenging tasks of International HRM (IHRM) (Tayeb, 2005). Similar set of challenges were also faced by the US based MNCs in their global operations. Studies reveal that during early period, most of the US based international companies witnessed failure in their global operations, especially in managing their human resources with efficacy due to lack of effectiveness i n the HRM policies. In other words, the companies were concerned in practicing similar kind of HRM policies in the international platform as it did in the national context, i.e. in the US. Consequently, the practices lacked affectivity and efficacy and thus faced the challenges in terms of expatriation (Ashamalla, 1998). In this context, numerous researches have been performed to identify the effect of global and local factors in determining the efficacy of IHRM practices by the US based international companies. Most of the researches stated that the IHRM practices and policies of the companies operating globally often tended to provided greater significance to the local factors without entirely ignoring the prospects of their parent companies. Evidences have also revealed that different factors existing in the external environment influences the IHRM practices. For instance, the IHRM practices and policies executed by the Japanese leaders globally tend to be highly focussed on the localised factors in terms of ‘corporate welfarism’, but in a tailored manner to adopt the changes present in the targeted market while training the expatriates. Likewise, the IHRM policies and practices implemented by the US subsidiaries tend to be based on developmental strategies to a large extent with a similar concern. Therefore, it becomes quite apparent that both the international and national factors influence the IHRM practices

Rivalry between the Two Online Shopping Companies Assignment - 1

Rivalry between the Two Online Shopping Companies - Assignment Example The researcher states that China has become one of the most attractive (in terms of profitability) international markets for making FDIs, and hence, many foreign companies have already entered in this market and other new entrants are trying to enter. However, the domestic Chinese companies have realised market potential considering the performances of the foreign companies in China. Online trading in China has come a long way. The start of China’s online or E-tailing revolution was slow because of several key issues. The political, Legal and social structure in China had many internet based companies question the profitability of setting up e-business in China. Lack of proper infrastructure also delayed the entrance of e-business in China. China lacked technological and financial backing to enter the e-business market. The main reason which made companies avoid China for their e-business was the uncertainty about the policies that the Chinese government will devise to attract foreign industries. China had an extremely low internet penetration. A very selective elite percentage of Chinese population had access to computers and internet. The legal framework regarding the laws and policies governing e-business were not stringent. Buyers often after bidding something online would back out on payment. Such casual approach discouraged many e-businesses from entering Chinese market. The buyers were often not provided with the product they had ordered for. These trends had made the buyers in China very sceptical about the credibility of online purchase. A survey conducted in 2002 by China internet network information centre (CINIC) showed that 13.9 percent of buyers in China did not receive their ordered products.

Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Accounting - Assignment Example teriality, risk oversight, & management, environmental risks & related matters, forward looking information requirements, impact of adopting IFRS, and governance. The Notice requires issuers to consider both qualitative & quantitative factors when assessing the materiality of information. It also reminds issuers that some immaterial facts in isolation often can become material in aggregate. It further proposes that those matters that are likely to become material in aggregate e.g. prospective clean technology expenditures be disclosed as early as possible. Materiality concept is very imperative when it comes to information disclosure because investors rely on the disclosed information to make decisions. Thus, it is important that any information that is likely to influence the decisions of an in investor be disclosed. The notice classifies environmental risks under such topics as litigation risks, reputational risks, business model risks, physical risks, & regulatory risks. The Notice further provides questions in a table format to help issuers in determining risks for each of the aforementioned categories. For instance if an issuer obtains raw material supplies from a region prone to hurricanes, he/she should disclose the mitigation steps taken to minimizes from chances of loss arising from such environmental physical risk. Either concerning the regulatory risks, future cost compliances should be disclosed. In situations where it is difficult to quantify risks, then it is imperative to make disclosure for such underlying risks. A consumer’s response to environmental unsustainable products comprises reputational risk. The Notice states because of this, the issuers’ costs of capital will be affected. Significantly, higher costs of energy because of upstream regulation represent busin ess model risk. Disclosure Form 51-102F1 Management’s Discussion & Analysis demands that among other things, material information, which may not be reflect by financial

Different Views On Motivation Education Essay

Different Views On Motivation Education Essay Motivation, a psychological feature can be defined as the direction and intensity of ones effort (Sage, 1977). In short, the direction of ones effort alludes to an individual is attracted to a certain situation, for example the student may be motivated to go out for a soccer team. Whereas, the intensity of ones effort refers to how much effort a person put forward in a particular situation, for example a student may attend physical education class but do not put effort during class. The relationship of direction and intensity of efforts are directly related, typically a student who seldom miss training lesson will usually put in more effort during participation. Different views on motivation There are generally 3 different types of views on how motivation works, typically the trait-centered, the situation centered, and the interactional. The trait centered view refers to a motivated behavior actually comes from individual character. The personality, needs, interests and goals are some of the component that determines a motivated behavior. The situation centered views sees motivation as an influence of a certain situation. A student may be unmotivated in attending soccer training but motivated to play for the school soccer team. The last view of motivation which is widely endorsed by sport psychologists is the interactional view, this view actually combines the trait centered views and situation centered views to form a new view. An interactional view of motivation study was conducted by Sorrentino and Sheppard (1978) on 44 male and 33 female swimmers in universities, testing them on a 200 yard individual event and then a part of a relay team. The study has shown that kno wing the swimmers personal characteristics (trait centered view) was not the best way to predict the behavior (individual best split time), because the performance also depended on the situation like whether it is relay or individual race (situation centered view) (Brewer B, ,2009)3. Achievement motivation and Competitiveness In sport, achievement motivation and competitiveness are known to be able to influence performance and participation. Achievement motivation is defined as a persons efforts to master a task, achieve excellence, overcome obstacles, perform better than others, taking pride in exercising talent (Murray, 1938). It allows athletes, exercisers, students to achieve excellence, to gain high levels of fitness and to maximize learning respectively. Achievement motivation is also an inclusive of trait view, situation view and interactional view of a motivation of a person. Competitiveness, on the other hand is defined as disposition to strive for satisfaction when making comparisons with some standard of excellence in the presence of evaluative others (Martens, 1976). Both deal not just with the final outcome but also the journey of getting to the final outcomes. Own motivation experience I am interested in the concept of motivation because due to my own personal account. I am currently a contract Physical education (PE) teacher with Ministry of Education. In 2 months time (June 2010), I will be going to National Institute of Education (NIE) in Nanyang Technological University to train as a PE teacher. However to be admitted into NIE, I need to pass a physical proficiency test (PPT) conducted by NIE Physical Education and Sports Science. The PPT comprises of 5 different stations, namely the agility run, badminton, possession game, gymnastic and swimming. To pass the PPT, a candidate must achieve the following: a. A score a total of 9 points or more in the test. b. Does not fail any station. To date, I have taken the PPT twice, but failed to pass the agility run station both time, the minimum passing time for the station for male runner is less than 17.7 sec. Even though, I am very disappointed, but I am very determined and motivated to take and pass the test again. Hence, the achievement motivation (Wikipedia, Jan 2010)2. for this PPT has influence a wide variety of my current behaviors, thoughts and feeling for example. Choice of activity (seeking out runners of greater ability to learn with them the correct techniques). Effort to purse goals (I have been practicing for every alternate days) Intensity of effort in the pursuit of goals. (To do 25 mins sprinting, mobility, warms up before the run.) Persistence in the face of failure and adversity (When I still not able to run within the 17.7 secs, I will work harder, to try new ways to run the test.) In short, with the understanding of the 4 theories of achievement motivation, I (considering myself as low achievers) have summaries the major predication from each theory and hoped to use them to guide my own practice to pass my PPT in march 2010. Low achiever Motivation orientation High motivation to avoid failure (Need to pass PPT) Attributions Ascribes failure to stable and internal factors within my control. (Dry testing field, well prepared) Goal adopted Outcome goals (Pass PPT) Perceived competence and control Low perceived competence and believes achievement is outside own control. (To date, still cannot clear 17.7 sec) Task choice Seeks out difficult challenges (Pass PPT, to become PE teacher) Performance conditions Performs poorly in evaluative conditions Four theories of achievement motivation Over the years, four main theories were evolved to explain motivation in people, they are the need achievement theory, attribution theory, achievement goal theory and competence motivation theory. Need achievement theory Need achievement theory (Atkinson 1974; MClelland, 1961) has 5 components which include personality factors, situational factors, resultant tendencies, emotional reactions, and achievement related behaviors. These components serve as the framework to predict task preferences and performance outcomes. Achievement related behavior results from the interaction of the other four components (high achievers tend to perform better when evaluated and select challenging tasks with intermediate risks; low achievers tend to avoid risky and challenging tasks, and perform less well when evaluated). Attribution theory This theory focus on the explanations that people tend to make to explain success or failure (Heider, 1958, Weiner 1985, 1986). The theory has 3 main categories, they are stability, locus of causality and locus of control. Stability refers the cause of the success or failure may be either stable or unstable. If the we believe the cause is stable, then the outcome is likely to be the same if we perform the same behavior on another occasion. If it is unstable, the outcome is likely to be different on another occasion.. Locus of causality refers to the cause of the success or failure may be internal or external. That is, we may succeed or fail because of factors that we believe have their origin within us or because of factors that originate in our environment. Locus of control refers to the cause of the success or failure may be either controllable or uncontrollable. A controllable factor is one which we believe we ourselves can alter if we wish to do so. An uncontrollable factor is on e that we do not believe we can easily alter. The most important contribution of the theory is it explains the attributions affect expectations of future success or failure and emotional reactions (Biddle, Hanrahan Sellars, 2001; McAuley, 1993b). Achievement goal theory According to this theory three factors interact to determine a persons motivation: Achievement goals, Perceived ability, Achievement behavior. This theory also indicates that individuals in achievement settings are typically oriented to one of two goals either task goal or outcome goal. When determining whether or not they have been successful in these contexts. Someone may have an task goal orientation where they only focuses on comparing performance with personal standards and personal improvement Others may have an outcome orientation that focuses on comparing performance with and defeating others, Competence motivation theory A theory of achievement motivation based on a persons feelings of personal competence. According to the theory, competence motivation increases when a person successfully masters a task. This encourages the person to master more tasks (Weiss Chaumeton, 1992). For example, a young high self-esteem soccer player believes that he has control over the learning and performance of skills, then the efforts to learn the game will increase his pride and happiness, this will in turn lead to increased motivation. An analysis of the relationships between the four theories Based on the book (Weinberg, R.S., Gould, D. (Eds), 2007)1, the 4 theories of achievement motivation are able to work together and give a clear predication of the motivational behavior for high and low achievers. The table below establishs how high and low achievers vary in terms of their motivationals orientation, attributions, the goals, their task choices, their perceived competence and control, and their performance. High achiever Low achiever Motivation orientation High motivation to achieve success Low motivation to aviod future Focus on the pride of sucess Low motivation to achieve success High motivation to aviod future Focus on shame and worry that may result from failure Attributions Ascribes success to stable and internal factors within ones control Ascribes failure to unstable and external factors outside ones control Ascribes success to unstable and external factors outside ones control Ascribes failure to stable and internal factors within ones control Goal adopted Adopts task goals Adopts outcome goals Perceived competence and control High perceived competence and believes achievement is within ones control Low perceived competence and believes achievement is outside own control. Task choice Seeks out challenges and able comptitors and tasks Aviod challenges; seeks out very diffcult or very easy tasks and competitors Performance conditions Performs well in evaluative conditions Performs poorly in evaluative conditions In contast, high achievers normally embrace task goals and are fully aware of their own ability and control. They believe success is due to stable and internal factors like high skill and they see failure is due to unstable and control factors like low efforts, they always have a positive and optimistic attitude. For example, someone who has a positive attitude always focuses on opportunities rather than on potential drawbacks. They focus on solutions rather than on problems. Low achievers usually have low ability and control, believing on more outcome goals and credit success to luck and ease of the task, they blame failure due to low ability. They always have negative attitudes most of the time. For example, they focus on the possible drawbacks rather than on opportunities. The low achievers tend to dive in and find problems when others find solutions. In summary, with the results tabled above, parents, teachers and coaches are able indentify the personal and situation factors in influencing achievement behavior for different individuals (for high and low achievers). They are able to emphasize task or master goals instead of outocme goals for different individuals. They are also need to assess and correct inappropriate individuals attributions and enhance perceptions of competence and control. And finally, helping different individuals to decide when to compete and when to focus on individual improvement.

Scavengers and Nothing’s Changed. Two very different poems, written by :: English Literature

Scavengers and Nothing’s Changed. Two very different poems, written by two very different poets, both of whom write with regards to their own cultures, backgrounds and places of origin SCAVENGERS and NOTHING’S CHANGED Scavengers and Nothing’s Changed. Two very different poems, written by two very different poets, both of whom write with regards to their own cultures, backgrounds and places of origin – all of which are very different. What could these two poems have in common. Ostensibly, nothing. Scavengers is simply about the social divide between the upper and working classes, whilst Nothing’s Changed tells of a young man’s anger at being discriminated because of his colour. But after even the most shallow disection it is easy to see the connection between these two poems. Nothing’s Changed’s angry young man is obviously a victim of other peoples racial prejudice, but the two bin men of Scavengers are also victims of prejudice, looked down upon by the middle and upper classes because of their job, their financial situation, their parents. There’s your first shared theme. Then you got the second: hypocrisy. The hypocrisy theme runs strong in both poems. In Nothing’s Changed it’s that this poem takes place after a law had been passed against racial discrimination. Laws change. Attitudes don’t. There may not be a sign on the door denying the young boy entry, for it is an unwritten law that he is rebelling against. He is rebelling against the attitudes of the people inside the resturant. With Scavengers it is the entire American Dream that is called into question and shown up to be what it is: a lie. The American Dream is that anyone, no matter the class, creed or connections, can do anything, be anything. A person born into poverty and raised on the streets can rise to be president. All it takes is hard work, and you can be whoever you want to be. Which is, of course, a lie. The current president of the United States is a straight C student. In this country, he might have scraped into Sixth Form by the skin of his teeth. He might have got to be a office desk jockey for a paper merchant. But in the US, he’s the son of a former president, argo – he’s president. Of course, blood has nothing to do with it *please read with dripping sarcasm in mind*. The poem is quite clear in it’s message: The American Dream Is a Lie! Great Hemocracy? Great Hipocrisy. There’s another thing that connects the two poems. It’s the idea that many people in these unfortunate positions often hinder any sort of

Homosexuality in Hitchcock’s “Rope”

Discuss the representation of homosexuality in Sigmund Fraud's â€Å"The Sexual Aberrations† and Alfred Hitchcock Rope.. Based on the true murder case of Leopold and Loeb, Alfred Hitchcock Rope (1948) depicts the tale of two intelligent young men and there attempts to execute the perfect murder. With the entire film taking place in one apartment, we watch as Brandon Shaw and Phillip Morgan strangle there friend David, hide his body in a trunk, and proceed to have a party, all the while with the corpse hidden in plain sight.In this essay, I will address the issue of homosexuality within the text, a hero which, due to the strict nature of the times, is only hinted at within the movie. To do this, I will use Fraud's essay on The Sexual Aberrations (1905) and provide parallels between the two texts. In particular I will focus on Fraud's discussion of degeneration, sadism, masochism and finally fetishism. What is interesting when discussing homosexuality within this text, especiall y when viewed in context of what was believed to be sexually normal at the time, is whether the two murderers sexuality actually has any bearing on the crime itself.Or, more to he point, (and particularly when viewed with relevance to Fraud's Aberrations) is it the sexuality, or society's view on the sexuality that led Shaw and Morgan to the conclusion of murder? Freud, when discussing the term â€Å"degenerate†, disregards any preconceived beliefs of a link between it and homosexuality. He argues that a simple digression from normality does not qualify a person as degenerate (I. E morally corrupt).Therefore, an invert, or person of a homosexual inclination is not, at least as a result of their natural sexuality, a person of degenerate nature. To Freud, generation is as much a possibility within heterosexuals as homosexuals. The deviation from normality, in itself, has no bearing on it. â€Å"That the inverted are not degenerates in this qualified sense can be seen from the following facts:01. The inversion is found among persons who otherwise show no marked deviation from the normal. 2.It is found also among persons whose capabilities are not disturbed, who on the contrary are distinguished by especially high intellectual development†¦ † (Freud, The Sexual Aberrations, 1905) So, having established that the chances of degeneration are equal across the playing for field for all people of raying sexuality, are our two protagonists degenerate? The domineering force of Brandon Shaw would seem to fit nicely into Fraud's second category of being â€Å"distinguished by especially high intellectual development†¦ And, despite the guilt that slowly riddles itself into Phillips slightly cold demeanor, there is no hiding the obvious pleasure both gained from the planning and executing of their â€Å"perfect murder†. This pleasure would appear to be twofold; firstly in the physical act of the strangulation (note the phallic-like weapon of ch oice, changed from the original blunt hisses used by Leopold and Loeb), and secondly in the intellectual challenge and sense of superiority gained from committing and then hiding the act.These divergences lend themselves towards the category of sadism. From the offset, the authoritarian manner is quickly proven to be the driving force in the relationship; a fact that he relishes, and Philip excepts. This is exemplary of a sadomasochistic partnership. The Online Oxford dictionary defines sadism as, â€Å"the tendency to derive pleasure, especially sexual gratification, from inflicting pain, suffering, or humiliation on others† (http://expectoration's. Mom/definition/sadism? =sadism), and is, according to Freud, almost inseparable from its counterpart, masochism, the desire to be controlled and dominated by another. His belief that the two behaviors are often found coexisting within the same person, is explored in our two main characters. Firstly, we have Brandon, our sadist. I ntelligent, forceful and imperious, his real-life counterpart Richard Loeb was believed to be the driving force behind the Bobby Franks murder of 1924, as would seem to be the case in Hitchcock Rope.All these actions, in sequence, would seem to mirror and metaphors the generic sexual act: a physical encounter (again, note the symbol of the flaccid, phallic-like rope), a climax, slighted by Davit's final scream, and the moment of close, silent reflection between the two. What is key however, is the addition of one final action that Brandon and Phillip undergo before speaking and breaking their erotic spell: the hiding of the body, the evidence of their of their sexual deviations.They have replaced the act of sex, forbidden by concepts of social normality, with the act of murder, and, Just as they would have had to hide their physical relationship from the world, they hide the body. â€Å"The body's in the trunk and the sex is in the closet, yet both are hidden in plain sight† (Bourne, Review of Rope). This brings me back to the original question of whether it is the sexuality, or society's view of the sexuality that resulted in the murder.We have already established through Fraud's discussion of degeneration that moral corruption is not an inherent characteristic of have also acknowledged the fact that Brandon is, without a doubt, a sadist. I believe to properly interpret the actions of Brandon and Phillip, we must further investigate the strange link between aggression and eroticism seen in the opening scene.As mentioned before, homosexuality at the time, or any other form of deviation from the tankard male-female relationship, was socially feared and condemned as immoral and wrong. Freud, in his Civilization and its Discontents (1929) discusses the difficulties that arise with such discrimination, â€Å"As regards the sexually mature individual, the choice of an object is restricted to the opposite sex, and most extra- genital satisfactions are forbid den as perversions.The requirement, demonstrated in these prohibitions, that there shall be a single kind of sexual life for everyone, disregards the dissimilarities, whether innate or acquired, in the sexual constitution f human beings; it cuts Off fair number of them from sexual enjoyment, and so becomes a source of serious injustice† (Freud, Civilization and its Discontents, p. 549). It is this sense of injustice and frustration, both mental and physical that could potentially lead the invert into a state of degeneration.For Brandon and Phillip, their pent up sexual frustrations, symbolized in the limp rope, must be directed down a different avenue, unbalancing the mental process and disturbing the function of the libido. For both, this resulted in a release of sadistic aggression. â€Å"The sexuality of cost men shows a taint of aggression, it is a propensity to subdue, the biological significance of which lies in the necessity of overcoming the resistance of the sexual o bject by actions other than mere courting.Sadism would then correspond to an aggressive component of the sexual impulse which has become independent and exaggerated and has been brought to the foreground by displacement† (Freud, The Sexual Aberrations, 1905) But where Brandon would appear to be firmly planted in the category of ‘sadist', Phillip, confirming Fraud's previously mentioned belief of masochism nearly always accompanying sadism, is far more the sadomasochist. While obviously gaining Just as much pleasure from the violence as Brandon, Phillip doesn't seem to gain any such satisfaction from the sense of intellectual superiority that his partner does.While retaining his fascination with aggression and strangulation, (â€Å"You're quite a good chicken strangler as I recall†¦ (Rupert to Phillip, Rope, 1948), Phillip would appear content being dominated by Brandy's charm and force. When asked by Brandon about who else they might have killed instead of David, P hillip replies, â€Å"You perhaps, you frighten me, you always have, from that very iris day in prep school†¦ Part of your charm I suppose. † (Phillip, Rope, 1948).Even the smallest detail of having to ask for a drink gives evidence towards the obvious power- relationship between the two, and Leeds us to the conclusion that Phillip gains as much pleasure from his own dominance and suffering as he does from doing the same to others. Sadism is associated with activity, and masochism with passivity, of which both traits can be seen in Phillip, and only one in Brandon. â€Å"A sadist is simultaneously a masochist, though either the active or the passive side of the reversion may be more strongly developed and thus represent his preponderate sexual activity. (Freud, The Sexual Aberrations, 1905). And, in true masochistic fashion, Phillips twisted desire to be tortured (as far as the film is concerned only mentally) is matched only by Brandy's desire to play the torturer. The constant their guests, not only exercises his sense of intellectual supremacy over his guests, but also his power over the nervy Phillip. Brandon Shaw: Mrs.. Wilson, champagne! Kenneth: Oh, it isn't someone's birthday is it? Brandon Shaw: Don't look so worried, Kenneth. It's, uh, really almost the opposite. (Rope, 1948) These endless quips leave Phillip a helpless victim, suffering mentally, a fact which Brandon is clearly aware of and excited by. So strong is Phillips psychological discomfort, that, when the oblivious Mrs.. Wilson mistakenly greets Kenneth as David, Phillip squeezes and breaks his glass. The lingering of the camera on Phillips now bloody hand, and his slow, almost fascinated expression as he observes the bleeding wound, hints at the fixation he has with pain; a further, subtle, reference to his masochistic nature.Although on the surface, Brandon and Phillip seem entirely efferent in demeanor, there are definite traits that both characters share. I have already men tioned the fact that Freud argues the belief that sadism and masochism can often be found coexisting in the same person, and that this fact is confirmed with Phillips character, (his role in the murder, and his history of strangling the chickens), giving the two men a shared obsession with sadism. However, the more obvious similarity is in their fixation on the rope itself.While the main Freudian concept seen in Morgan and Shah's murder is that of sadomasochism, the concept of ethicist is also a possible tool of understanding within the text. What is interesting to note, and what draws attention to the object as much as its use as the title for the film, is Hitchcock decision to change the original murder weapon from a blunt chisel, to a rope. The symbol of their sexual frustrations, it also becomes a point of fixation for the two men.Freud when discussing fetishism as, † cases in which for the normal sexual object is substituted another which is related to it but which is tot ally unfit for the normal sexual aim†¦ The substitution for the sexual object is in mineral a part of the body but little adapted for sexual purposes, such as the foot, or hair, or an inanimate object which is in demonstrable relation with the sexual person, and mostly with the sexuality of the same† (Freud, The Sexual Aberrations, 1905).While the possibility of the rope being a a thing of fetishistic obsession for the two men could be argued, I believe the symbolism behind the object overrides this theory. I believe it is more the act of strangulation and murder that excites the two men, and that the rope itself merely acts as a symbolic image of their unfulfilled desires, and there need to hide those desires. Phillip Morgan: I was sure she'd notice it Brandon Shaw: Notice what? Phillip Morgan: The rope of course.Brandon we've got to hide it. Brandon Shaw: It's only a piece of rope Phillip, an ordinary household article, why hide it? It belongs in the kitchen drawer. (Ro pe, 1948) infamous for it's long, unbroken shots, thoughtful and witty dialogue and brooding sense of tension. However it is only when viewed with relevance to Freudian ideas of sexual inversion and perversion that the text takes on an entirely new level of intellectual depth. Fraud's essay on The Sexual Aberrations (1905) and Hatcheck'sRope (1948), would appear to be complimentary of each other in concepts of sexual aggression and sadomasochistic relationships, with each giving power and thought to concepts found in the other. It is my opinion, that this new level of understanding gained through Fraud's writings, elevates this movie to higher class which maintains its impact almost 60 years after it was originally filmed. Mark Bourne, Rope, http://www. DVD]urinal. Com/reviews/r/rope. SHTML Civilization and its Discontents, Freud 1929 http://www. Bartlett. Mom/278/1 . HTML http://expectoration's. Com/definition/sadism? Q=sadism t is the balance between the libidinal forces of the in dividual and the requirements of society, as represented through the superego, which constitutes a state of normalcy and is precisely what the boys were not able to produce The sexuality of most men shows a taint of aggression, it is a propensity to subdue, the biological significance of which lies in the necessity of overcoming the resistance of the sexual object by actions other than mere courting.Sadism would then correspond to an aggressive component of the sexual impulse which has become independent and exaggerated and has been brought to the foreground by displacement Brandon Shaw

Free Essays on Sea Rose

â€Å"Sea Rose† By Hilda Doolittle â€Å"Sea Rose† by Hilda Doolittle is one of the most famous free verse line poems in the century. Hilda Doolittle was born in Bethlehem Pennsylvania, on September 10, 1886 and grew up to be one of the finest of all Imagist poets. Her poetry, fiction, and non-fiction writing were published on both sides of Atlantic, and her roles in a few early films also earned her praise. On the other hand, Hilda Doolittle was known for her imagist poetry with its vivid phrasing, compelling imagery, short lines and free verse. Her imagist comes from mostly nature: sea, wind, and sand are contrasted with exotic figures of flowers, jewellery and shells. And, in September 21, 1961, She died of the flu and was buried on Nisky Hill, back in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, among her family. In this poem, the rose itself is the metaphor, because the flower rose compares to a â€Å"Sea Rose† in the whole poems. . The poem does not rhyme and does not have a particular meter. But, the poem has great rhythm itself like for example â€Å"you are flung on the sand/ you are lifted in the crisp sand/ that drives in the wind†. The verse is terse and packed with meaning. This poem measured free verse lines, together with the slightly archaic diction and the insistence on the sparseness of the flower tend to agree the poem simplicity and solidity, a feeling of the visual or sculptural realness of the sea rose-†Sea Roseâ€Å". There is a Simile on this poem like â€Å"more precious than a wet roseâ€Å". The tone is very sad and sounds very upsetting like for example â€Å"single on a stem/ you are caught in the driftâ€Å". There is no repetition of the ideas, and there is no personification specified also. This short poem full of imagery of a rose is caught in the wind. One can picture this rose in flight landing in the sand. The whole beauty is mark in the sand. In conclusion, this poem, â€Å"Sea Rose† by Hilda Doolittle... Free Essays on Sea Rose Free Essays on Sea Rose â€Å"Sea Rose† By Hilda Doolittle â€Å"Sea Rose† by Hilda Doolittle is one of the most famous free verse line poems in the century. Hilda Doolittle was born in Bethlehem Pennsylvania, on September 10, 1886 and grew up to be one of the finest of all Imagist poets. Her poetry, fiction, and non-fiction writing were published on both sides of Atlantic, and her roles in a few early films also earned her praise. On the other hand, Hilda Doolittle was known for her imagist poetry with its vivid phrasing, compelling imagery, short lines and free verse. Her imagist comes from mostly nature: sea, wind, and sand are contrasted with exotic figures of flowers, jewellery and shells. And, in September 21, 1961, She died of the flu and was buried on Nisky Hill, back in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, among her family. In this poem, the rose itself is the metaphor, because the flower rose compares to a â€Å"Sea Rose† in the whole poems. . The poem does not rhyme and does not have a particular meter. But, the poem has great rhythm itself like for example â€Å"you are flung on the sand/ you are lifted in the crisp sand/ that drives in the wind†. The verse is terse and packed with meaning. This poem measured free verse lines, together with the slightly archaic diction and the insistence on the sparseness of the flower tend to agree the poem simplicity and solidity, a feeling of the visual or sculptural realness of the sea rose-†Sea Roseâ€Å". There is a Simile on this poem like â€Å"more precious than a wet roseâ€Å". The tone is very sad and sounds very upsetting like for example â€Å"single on a stem/ you are caught in the driftâ€Å". There is no repetition of the ideas, and there is no personification specified also. This short poem full of imagery of a rose is caught in the wind. One can picture this rose in flight landing in the sand. The whole beauty is mark in the sand. In conclusion, this poem, â€Å"Sea Rose† by Hilda Doolittle...

Sport and Social Media Essays

Sport and Social Media Essays Sport and Social Media Essay Sport and Social Media Essay Lewin, Jeffery E. , and Strutton, David. (2011). Friends, Fans, and Followers: Do Ads Work on Social Networks? Journal of Advertising Research, 51(1), 258-275. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Hardey, M. (2011). To spin straw into gold? New lessons from consumer- generated content. International Journal of Market Research, 53(1), 13-15. oi:10. 2501 /IJMR-53-1 -013- 015 Jansen, B. J. , Zhang, M. , Sobel, K. , Chowdury, A. (2009). Twitter power: Tweets as electronic word of mouth. Journal of the American Society for Information Science Technology, 60(11), 2169-2188. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Manjoo, F. (2011). (Like) + (Retweet) = $$$?. Fast Company, (157), 86-117. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Poynter, R. (2008). Facebook: the future of networking with customers. International Journal ofMarket Research, 50(1), 11-12. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Oil Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Oil Market - Essay Example Deflation pressure, not inflation, is currently one of the greatest concern for the global economy. During the previous year, producer prices have reduced all over the developed world; consumer prices have been decreasing for the last 6 months in Germany and France; in Japan wages have actually dropped 4% for the past year. Up until the latest crisis prices were decreasing in Brazil; they continue to fall in China and Hong Kong; most probably they will soon be declining in various other developing countries (Case & Fair, 2005). Currently, none of these price reduction of oil seems anything like the great deflation that followed the Great Depression. But the presence of deflation as a common problem is worrying, not just because of its direct economic effects, but because until lately most economists considered sustained deflation as a profoundly incredible prospect, something that must not be a worry (IMF, 2011). Although changes in prices have been controversial, they are the unavoidable outcomes of shifts in demand and supply. The demand and supply of oil are comparatively inelastic in the short run: price changes have a small effect on either the quantity supplied or the quantity demanded. When there is an increase in oil prices, we spend some energy and time complaining but, in the short run, spend nearly no effort in adjusting our habits to consume less. Likewise in the short run, price changes do less to spur new supplies. As the quantities demanded and supplied change slightly as prices increase and decrease, both curves are comparatively vertical as shown in the figure below: Â  Since quantities are comparatively fixed in the short run, any shifts in demand or supply affect prices. For instance, supposing that supply decreases. The reduced supply makes a temporary shortage that will increase the price. If demand is elastic, only a slight increase in price will be required to

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Assignment Example It is only by changing the mentality of human particularly the fishermen that the aquatic life will be protected from possible extinction. It is wrongful for a few individuals to engage in practices that benefit only a few but has dire consequences suffered by all. A good example is overfishing, which destroys aquatic life affecting even those who do not practice it. 2. How were your views and opinions challenged or changed by your reading of In Pursuit of Giants, if at all?   Before reading this book, I considered humans dynamic in that they can change their behaviors depending on the situation. However, reading this book made me realize it is not always the case. This is because people continue fishing using inappropriate methods irrespective of the fact that the species they are capturing are at the verge of extinction. The fisheries management, which is supposed to facilitate conservation of aquatic life, involve themselves in corrupt deals, which end up worsening the crisis. I t is pathetic to realize that the same governments that obtain a lot of revenue from export of fish are doing little to protect the life of the endangered fish species. 3. Name three industrial fishing practices mentioned in the book, and explain how they create bycatch and harm marine life.   Fishing can be done in large scale or small scale. Fishing is a practice that leads to killing of the highest number of animals. Large scale, commercial or industrial fishing entails capturing of large quantities of fish. In most large-scale fishing, destructive fishing methodologies are used, which leads to inadvertent capture of immature fishes as well as other aquatic organisms commonly referred to as bycatch. Some of the methods that lead to bycatch and have been mentioned in Rigney’s book include trawling, seining, and long lining. The above-mentioned methods are a true cruelty towards aquatic animals. Trawling entails using nets that are hooked to two t Using trawling as a fishi ng method results of both target and non-target species. Trawling, particularly bottom trawling leads to capture of large quantities of bycatch, which include all organisms that happen to be along the path of the trawl nets. Most of the bycatch die as the nets are dragged along the ocean floor while other dies when the nets are hauled from the ocean due to changes in pressure. This is commonly referred to as decompression. Additionally, the method leads to destruction of the ocean beds. Mid-water trawling is another commercial fishing method commonly used in different parts of the world and entails immersing nets net in areas with high water volume. The nets are then hooked to trawl door or towed behind two boats. Just like bottom trawling, Mid-water trawling leads to capture of high numbers of non-target species. Seining is another fishing methodology that leads to large numbers of bycatch. Purse seining is used to capture fish species such as tuna. Seining involves use of nets com monly known as purse seine. However, the method leads to large bycatch particularly of dolphins that are frequently found near tuna. Long lining involves sinking long fishing lines, Bout 50 miles in length, threaded with baited hooks. The line with the hooks is then hauled behind a boat or left afloat overnight. This method is mainly used

ABRAHAM LINCOLN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ABRAHAM LINCOLN - Essay Example He became interested in local politics and he was a strong supporter of Whig party. He was self-educated and he became a country lawyer after passing his bar examination in 1836. He got into politics and he won the Illinois state legislature position in 1834 and that was his major turning point in his career and political life. He had attained popularity and he could attract crowds in New Salem. He lost the first time in his campaign for Illinois General Assembly because he lacked powerful friends, education and money (Freedman 18). He strongly opposed the spread of slavery and discrimination based on race and he advocated for renovations and improvements at the Sangomon River. He had a vision of expanding America and making it a home for every person regardless of the skin color. Abraham focused on cities and commerce more than Agriculture. After passing his bar examination, he moved to spring field where he worked as a lawyer and it was there where he met his wife, Mary Todd. She w as from a wealthy family which had held hostage many slaves in Kentucky. He married her on 4th November 1842 in Springfield. They bought a house near his office and his wife kept it with the help of a servant or a relative. Their first son Robert Todd got born in 1843 and their second born son, Edward Baker followed in 1846.

The Rising Problem of Water Essay Example for Free

The Rising Problem of Water Essay Although water is â€Å"the commonest molecular compound† (Crystal, 1990) there is a rising problem concerning its purity. We can’t reach for the nearest stream and draw water for a drink the way people did before. Today, water is for sale. Water’s scarcity and depletion, lack of sanitation and pollution, inequalities in distribution, problems caused by dam projects, to extravagant use or mismanagement and even cross-border conflict, etc. (Godrej, 2003) account for the crises that governments are dealing with regards to water. Though water is foundational to life, e.g. part of our physical component, and as experts say it â€Å"occurs in all living organisms† (Crystal, 1990), truth is, the world faces a water crisis. Before pointing to big companies/factories and relegate to them the reason for this crisis, we are all delinquent when it comes to the management and the use of water. When one’s use of water is too much or â€Å"beyond the rate† of normal use, the hydrological cycle is being put in danger (Godrej, 2003). The hydrological cycle is so arranged as to allow for replenishing. When there is overuse, replenishing becomes difficult and depletion and pollution follow. Water like those in oceans and rivers, usually have natural pollutants, but only enough to be purified by the natural hydrological cycle. The main culprit for water pollution is man whose human activities are the causes of localized pollution. â€Å"Heavy metals, oil spills, and bacteria,† (Barnes-Svarney, 1996) are all contaminants which are results of human abuses. References 1. Crystal, David. 1990. Water H2O. The Cambridge Encyclopaedia. Cambridge University Press, p. 1285. 2. Godrej, Dinar. 2003. Crisis and challenge. Precious fluid. New Internationalist magazine, volume 354, pp. 9-12. 3. Barnes-Svarney, Patricia. 1996. The New York Public Library Science Desk Reference, p. 472.

Protecting Ourselves from Media Manipulation: The Use of Alternative Me

Protecting Ourselves from Media Manipulation: The Use of Alternative Media as an Information Source As far as one can recall the media has had a large influence over our perceptions of the world and the society in which we live. Why is it that we blindly seem to believe whatever we hear on the radio, see on the television, read in newspapers and more currently on the internet? The mass media has acquired a great control over the perceptions of how we interpret the world around us, it is only when we allow alternative media to develop and expand to greater parts of the world that we will be able to understand the different perspectives and work towards understanding the truth. There have been past reports on alien invasions, attacks made by giant worms and other exaggerated or made-up stories. Many of these events or attacks were based on popular fears during the time. This can also be seen during the â€Å"Red Scare†. Americans were afraid of being attacked by communists and were constantly afraid of spies thus, they proceeded to name anyone or anything a communist if they did not respond in the way that they had anticipated. These fears were manipulated by the mass media creating further anxiety. Plausibility and timing are equally as important in creating stories or news that can result in anxiety and fear. To fully deceive the public there has to be a plausible story occurring at the right time and place. In our post 9/11 world, where many people are already feeling on the edge it is important that the media is careful in what they produce, and think about the potential effects on their audience. We would not want to see ourselves confronted with the same tactics as those used previously during the â€Å"... ...acifici, The Moro Morality Play: Terrorism as Social Drama (Chicago: The University Chicago Press, 1986) p. 65, 90. Mueller, John E. War, Presidents and Public Opinion (New York: John Wiley, 1973). Newport, Frank, Public Opinion of the War in Afghanistan, Gallup News Service Poll Analyses, (31 October 2001) (http://www.gallup.com/poll/Releases/Pr011031e.asp) Orwell, George, Politics and the English Language in The Collected Essays of George Orwell (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968) p. 167. Page, B., Shapiro, R. and Dempsey. 1987. What moves Public Opinion, American Political Science Review, 81, March, 23-43. Speech of George W. Bush, as reported on CNN, October 7, 2001 Cartoonstock,United We Stand, Holding Hands http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/nc_search.asp?x=a&keyword=&Category=Bin+Laden%2C+Osama&Boolean=Or&Artist=Not+Selected&submit=Search

Experience of the Attawapiskat Cree to Ojibwa in relation to the Canadian Government

The Attawaspiskat Cree and Ojibwa are a first nations group living in parts of Canada, mainly northern Ontario. The main languages spoken by these first nation groups are Mushkegowuk Cree and Ojibway. I will compare and contrast the experience of the Attawapiskat Cree to Ojibwa in relation to the Canadian Government. This will include analyzing the treaties introduced by the government towards the Cree and the Ojibwa: in particular, treaty 9 will be discussed. In addition, to these treaties the government has divided the first nation community into two different groups: status-Indians and non-status Indians. Within these two groups further division has been accomplished by the allocation of lands know as reserves to status-Indians and independent ownership for non-status Indians. This allocation of lands in reserves for status-Indians and independent ownership for non-status Indian is based on the policies developed through dependent and independent tenure. The laws permitting only status-Indians to live in reserves have fragmented the community and changes in culture and traditions have been rapid since the arrival of the government. The arrival of the Canadian government in the early nineteen-hundreds was the last major encapsulating factor the Cree and the Ojibwa were to face after the Hudson Bay Company and the church. The methods adopted by the government were aimed at changing the social, economic, political and religious practices held within these societies. One of the first efforts undertaken by the Canadian government was to legalize any action it would take in the regions occupied by the Cree and the Ojibwa. Therefore, in 1905 and 1906 treaty 9 was signed with the people of Cree and the people of Ojibwa. With the introduction of treaty 9, logging, hydroelectric development, minerals, construction of road and railways started. This treaty also introduced new land policies, which allowed non-Indians to exploit the resources used before only by the Indians. Commissioner Scott who represented the government promised the Indians that treaty 9 would not affect the way of living for the Indian people, rather the government would help in times of need: â€Å"There will not be any legislation governing trapping, hunting animals and hunting birds and fishing, if you are in favour of the treaty. If something happens to you as to sickness or need of help the government will help you, all the people from Albany, Attawapiskat, Winisk, Fort Severn, will have this help† (Cummins 2004, 36). However, during the famine of 1909, 1928, 1930-31, 1934-36 and 1946-48 in Attawaspiskat, assistance from the government was little or non-existent. Therefore, the main reason for the treaty was to extinguish aboriginal rights and to take away the land owned by the Indians. Following treaty 9 many different treaties were introduced by the government which further deteriorated the economical conditions present within the Indian community. These treaties had assured for the Cree and the Ojibwa, that provision would be made for the supply of seed, cattle and agricultural implements as these nations had exhibited an interest in starting farming for economic interest. Additionally, some other treaties had guaranteed distribution of fishing nets, net twins, guns and ammunition so as it can enable the Indians to hunt for subsistence activities, with participation with the new economy. However, the government provided insufficient amenities which were unable to economically improve the position of the Cree and Ojibwa. In addition, federal legislation – especially the Indian Act – teamed with federal and provincial policy and actions, rendered it arduous for Aboriginal people to undertake other economic interest. (http://www. ainc-inac. gc. ca/ch/rcap/sg/sh45_e. html). It is essential to define the terms land tenure and land use in order to understand how these systems are used as an encapsulating factor for the Ojibwa and the Attawapiskat Cree. Land use is the physical exploitation of land, where as land tenure are the policies which govern the use of land and is based on social, political and exploitative patterns of a group. Example of social, political and exploitative patterns would include the ways of accommodation, such as living in micro or macro bands and occupying a river drainage or a good fishing site; notion of land ownership; and hunting patters, respectively. Since the incursion of Euro-Canadians in all aspect of Indian life, there have been changes in the traditional land tenure policies held within these societies for centuries. The government has divided the Ojibwa and the Cree into two different categories: status Indians and non-status Indians. Status Indians are those individuals who according to the Indian Act appear on the governments list of registered Indians. Status-Indians are solely dependent on governmental aid and live on lands turned into reserves by the government; they are also exempted from any provincial or federal programs such as income tax and property tax. Non-status Indians are those who have lost their Indian status by governmental enfranchisement. These people cannot live on reserves; land setup by the government for status-Indians, but they can independently own land and must pay taxes. The reserves are created by the Indian Act as, â€Å"the minister may, when he considers it desirable constitute new bands and when a new band has been established from an existing band or any part thereof, such portion of the reserve lands and funds of the existing band as the minister determines shall be held for the use and benefit of the new band†. (Driben 1986: 114). Therefore, to create a reserve there must be, a new band who has requested the government to be turned into a reserve. Hence, if approved the government would allocate an existing reserve or some land. Once designated as a reserve, individuals cannot have the title to the land and cannot exercise the freedom to move fluidly in different areas or groups. One major set back by the government to the Ojibwa people living in Aroland are the economic government policy adopted towards them. In 1971, the provincial plan for economic development was revealed, which concluded that land and resource development should take place only in places which demonstrate a potential for growth. Therefore, the problem arouse when Nakina, a town less than 25 kilometres from Aroland became the centre of growth, this has shifted any incentives from private and government sectors to economically invest in Aroland. The government of Canada has introduced two types of land tenure for the Cree and the Objiwa, dependent and independent land tenure. In dependent land tenure two aspects must be fulfilled, first that region must be made into a reserve, and second, the people occupying the region must be status-Indians. Once the region has become a reserve it falls under the jurisdiction of the ministry of Indian Affairs. Therefore, by the Indian Act, the ministry has the authority to possess land, prevent the transfer of land between bands, and to allocate land as they see fit. The economic impact of the dependent tenure has its benefits and disadvantages. These benefits include that the ministry of Indian affairs will provide aid for economic development. Such aid can be in forms of loans to bands, groups or individuals. Moreover, the Indians are not required to pay property tax or income tax on the money they earn by working on the reserves. A disadvantage would be that the reserved land cannot be sold or leased unless it is surrendered to the government, and once the land has been surrendered to the government, it is controlled and owned by the government not the Indians. The social impact of dependent tenure is the segregation caused by the subdivision of Indians into status and non-status Indians. Therefore, to choose dependent tenure would segregate the community into one group, that comprising of status-Indians only. By the Indian act, non-status Indians are considered to be trespassers if they enter a reserve and can be fined and imprisoned for doing so. On the other hand, Independent Land Tenure is a more euro-Canadian form of land policy. Indians in independent land tenure can buy property. But if the people opt for Independent Land tenure they cannot form any kind of reserve. Since Independent tenure is regulated under provincial government, the federal government would not be involved. Once the provincial government sells the people the land they occupy, the individual will get the title to the land and also some benefits as stated by the minister, â€Å" Firstly, a surface right, which permits a landowner to enjoy the current use of his land. Secondly, a productive right, which allows an owner to make a profit from the current use of his land. Thirdly, a development right, allowing the owner to improve his property. Fourthly, a pecuniary right, whereby a landowner benefits financially from development value both effectively granting the right not to develop and sixthly, a disposal right, allowing an owner to sell or will his land† (Driben 1986: 105). The economic advantage of independent tenure is that Indians can participate in government programs, can be endowed with equity that can be employed to obtain mortgages and loans from banks and other financial institutions. Additionally they can have provincially tax-supported services such as fire protection, construction of roads, as well as other provincial benefits. In conclusion, the arrival of the government in the early nineteen-hundred marked a beginning which has rapidly cause change and encapsulated the Ojibwa and the Cree. Treaty 9, also known as the James Bay treaty, has let the government occupy two-third of northern Ontario from the Indians. An encapsulation method adopted by the government was to divide the Indians into different groups; this was done by dividing the people into status-Indians and non-status Indians. Further, physical sub-division was accomplished by the government through dependent and Independent tenure. Laws forbidding non-status Indians to enter reserves were strictly enforced and any economic incentives approached by the Indians were tentatively dealt with. Therefore the nineteen hundred has been a drastic change for the Ojibwa and the Cree, and it has transformed them from a simpler life of hunting for subsistence to that of trading and has made them conform to the external pressure to acculturate. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cummins, Brian D. 2004. Only God Can Own the Land. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada Inc. Driben, Paul. 1986. Aroland Is Our Home – An incomplete victory in Applied Anthropology. New York: AMS Press. Martin, Calvin. 1978. Keepers of the Game. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. Schmalz, Peter S. 1991. The Ojibwa. Toronto, Buffalo, and London: University of Toronto Press. Krech, Shepard. 1981. Indians, Animals, and the Fur trade. Athens: The University of Georgia Press. .

A Strategic Framework for Customer Relationship Management

A Strategic Framework for Customer Relationship Management Introduction: This article explores the plethora of literature available on CRM and relationship marketing and emphasizes the need for a single, process-based framework that helps in making a comprehensive CRM strategy followed by its successful implementation. The objective is to highlight CRM’s role in enhancing customer value and, in turn the shareholder value.Various CRM and marketing experts, who provide their views in the article, emphasize the need for a cross-functional, process-oriented approach which identifies three alternative perspectives of CRM within a holistic organizational context. They try to identify five key cross-functional CRM processes starting from a strategy development process, followed by value creation process, multichannel integration process, an information management process, and in the end performance assessment process.Based on these 5 pillars, they put forward a new conceptual framewo rk specifying the roles and functions associated with each element in the framework. Summary: CRM is a strategic approach that is concerned with creating improved shareholder value through the development of appropriate relationships with key customers and customer segments. There is a need to develop relationship marketing strategies and IT architecture to create profitable, long-term relationships with customers and other key stakeholders.The article is organized mainly in three parts. Firstly, it explores the three alternative perspectives of CRM. Secondly, it considers the need for a cross-functional process-based approach to CRM where the strategists develop criteria for process selection and identify the five key CRM processes. Next, they propose a strategic conceptual framework that is constructed of these five processes followed by the examination of the components of each process. Hence, CRM can be defined with three perspectives forming a continuum.At one corner is the nar rowly and tactically defined particular technology solution, followed by wide-ranging technology (customer oriented IT and Internet), and customer centric approach (holistic approach emphasizing creation of shareholder value) as we move towards right at the other end of the continuum. Processes are the backbone of any initiative or a framework. Absence of a strategic framework for CRM is one reason for the disappointing results associated with many CRM initiatives.The strategic perspective starts with reviewing the following four process selection criteria for marketing and business processes which are now augmented by 2 new additional suggestions. 1)The processes should comprise a small set that addresses tasks critical to the achievement of an organization’s goals. 2)Each process should contribute to the value creation process. 3) Each process should be at a strategic or macro level. 4)The processes need to manifest clear interrelationships. 5) New: Each process should be c ross functional in nature. 6)New.Each process would be considered by experienced practitioners as being both logical. The refining of CRM strategy can start with the interaction research as interaction and communication play a crucial role in the various stages of research. It consists of interaction with various executives, meetings and group discussion with emphasis on testing concepts, new ideas, and results. On the other hand, the process identification and CRM framework creation begins with identification of generic CRM processes which are used by an expert panel of experienced CRM executives.The resultant five generic processes are: the strategy development process, the value creation process, the multichannel integration process, the information management process, and finally the performance assessment process. These five key generic CRM processes help form a preliminary conceptual framework which is continuously improved for better business results and increased share value . Next are the business/customer strategy and the value creation processes.The business strategy process can commence with a review of a company’s vision and its relation to the CRM model. It is followed by the review of the industrial and competitive environment. Here the traditional industry analysis is augmented by more contemporary approaches for deeper environmental analysis and the understanding the impact of disruptive technologies. Customer strategy on the other hand, deals with CRM perspective which requires a cross functional approach, especially when different departments are involved in strategy development.Other important facets are information management process and performance assessment. Information management is concerned with the collection, integration and use of customer data and information from all processes. It involves managing assets like the data repository, IT systems and analysis tools. Data repository provides a corporate memory of all customers. Systems include the organization’s computer hardware, software, middleware IT, front office and back office applications like SFA and call center management.Lastly, analysis tools support many activities involved in interfacing directly with customers with technologies like data mining. The article also talks about Multichannel Integration process, which takes into account the combinations of different channels with customer interaction perspective. It takes the outputs of the business strategy and value creation processes and translates them into value-adding activities with customers. It ensures that the customer experiences remains highly positive within those channels. Analysis:Even though, there has been enough emphasis on the cross-functional, process-based CRM strategy framework that aims to help companies, it is mostly based on large industrial companies and not the small and medium sized companies. I agree with the views that the size and complexity of such enterpris es are most likely to post big CRM challenges, but small scale initiatives should be considered as well. I concur with objective of the article which deals with a process-based conceptual framework and cross functional approach for strategic CRM model.Also, I agree with argument which has been put forward again and again in the article for the need of an acceptable definition that encompasses all facets. The framework proposed in the article is just a beginner’s model, yet a potentially useful starting point for the development of improved insight into these aspects of CRM theory. But according to me, because of the changing scenarios and fickle nature of market there is still a need for delimiting the domain, agreeing on a definition for CRM, and building a research agenda. I would like to add that certainly there is a need for measure and control the CRM performance.But, at the same time traditional approach for performance measurement systems will not be suitable for cross functional CRM. There have been new initiatives like balanced scorecard which enables a wide range of metrics designs. It consists of shareholder results and performance monitoring. Ideally, it should reflect the performance standards necessary across the five major processes to ensure that CRM activities are planned and practiced effectively and that a feedback loop exists to maximize performance improvement and organizational learning.The article also explores the multiple channels, such as field sales forces, Internet, direct mail, telephony, traditional television, e-commerce and m-commerce, including e-mail to interact with its customers. For example, making use of e-commerce opportunities and the fundamental economic characteristics of the Internet can enable a much deeper level of segmentation granularity than is affordable in most other channels. With the advent of Internet, interactive digital television, mobile telephony and text messaging, wireless application protocol, and 3G mobile services can be utilized in this field.The challenge lies in the ability of strategy to uphold the same high standards across different channels enhancing customer experiences. As far as associated value goes, I believe that outputs of the strategy development process leads to programs that both extract and deliver value and maximizes the lifetime value of desirable customer segments. It includes determining what value the company can provide to its customer along with what value the company can receives from its customers.These value propositions include the relationship among the performance of the product, the fulfillment of the customer’s needs, and the total cost to the customer over the customer relationship life cycle. Like any other initiative, measurement is an integral part through the use of the metrics. The performance assessment sees that the organization’s strategic aims in terms of CRM are in alignment with the acceptable standard and that a basis for future improvement is established. Conclusion:Often, the organizations are plagued by the lack of a widely accepted and appropriate definition of CRM along with the failure to recognize its constitution. This can lead to the failure of a CRM project as this way the organization views CRM from a limited technology perspective or undertakes CRM on a fragmented basis. The plethora of information requires a cross-functional integration of processes, people, operations, and marketing capabilities that is enabled through information, technology and applications.The options provided in the article explore the opportunities like cross-selling and up-selling to acquire or strengthen customer database. To ensure that technology solutions support CRM, it is important to conduct IT planning from the perspective of providing a seamless customer service rather than planning for functional or product-centered departments and activities. On the organization’s front, the focus is on increasing customer lifetime value by determining the variation in potential customer profitability across different customer segments along with the prepositions like customer acquisition and customer retention.